Key Takeaways: Surface roughness, surface texture, surface finish, surface roughness measurement, profilometer, Ra value, Rq roughness, and high-precision optics are essential for controlling optical performance. Nanometer-scale roughness causes light scattering, distortion, and lowers laser damage thresholds. Surface roughness results from manufacturing methods, material structure, and environmental effects. Tools like profilometers and AFM provide accurate surface […]