Nd: YAG Crystals (Neodymium Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet)
Nd:YAG (Neodymium Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) is the earliest and most famous laser host crystal. Combining many advantageous properties, Nd:YAG is ubiquitous in near-infrared solid-state lasers and in their frequency-doublers, triplers, and higher-order multipliers. For example, it is widely used in industrial, medical, military, and scientific fields. YAG laser crystals are essential in all types of solid-state laser systems, including frequency-doubled continuous wave, high-energy Q-switched, and other high-power laser operations. For example, the use of laser diodes in conjunction with Nd crystals enhances the performance and versatility of laser systems, enabling applications in precision cutting, welding, and medical surgeries.
Exceptional Properties for High-Intensity Applications
Nd:YAG crystals are highly valued for their excellent fluorescent lifetime, thermal conductivity, and physical strength, making them suitable for high-power lamp-pumped lasers. These crystals are produced using the Czochralski growth method, ensuring superior crystal quality and performance.
Nd:YAG Crystals: Basic Properties
Chemical Formula | Nd: Y3Al5O12 |
Crystal Structure | Cubic |
Lattice Constant | 12.01Å |
Melting Point | 1970°C |
Density | 4.5g/cm3 |
Refractive Index | 1.82 |
Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 7.8×10-6 /K <111> |
Thermal Conductivity (w/m/k) | 14,20°C |
Mohs Hardness | 8.5 |
Stimulated Emission Cross-Section | 2.8×10-19 cm-2 |
Relaxation Time of Terminal Lasing Level | 30ns |
Radiative Lifetime | 550 us |
Spontaneous Fluorescence | 230 us |
Linewidth | 0.6nm |
Pump Wavelength | 807.5nm |
Polarized Emission | Unpolarized |
Thermal Birefringence | High |
Pump Wavelength Absorption Band | 1nm |
Loss Coefficient | 0.003cm-1@1064 nm |
Factory Standards Specifications
Doping(atm%) | 0.1% ~ 2.5% |
Orientation | <111> , <100>,<110> crystalline direction |
Wavefront Distortion | λ/10 per inch @ 632.8 nm |
Dimension Tolerances | rods with diameter: +0.0/-0.05 mm , Length: ±0.1 mm |
Surface Quality | 10/5 Scratch/Dig MIL-O-1380A |
Parallelism | < 10″ |
Perpendicularity | < 5′ |
Clear Aperture | > 90% |
Surface Flatness | < λ/10 @ 632.8 nm |
Chamfer | < 0.1 mm @ 45o |
Barrel Finish | 50-80 micro-inch (RMS) , |
Size | Upon customer request |
Coating | AR/HR/PR coating upon customer’s request |
Damage Threshold | 750MW/CM2 at 1064nm, TEM00, 10ns, 10Hz |
Quality Warranty Period | Two years under proper use |
Slabs, thread rod, Er:YAG, Yb:YAG,Cr:YAG, Ce:YAG, Tm:YAG, Ho:YAG and other ion doped YAG crystals are also available upon request.
Advantages
- High gain, High efficiency, Low threshold, Low loss at 1.06 µm
- Good thermal conductivity and thermal shock characteristics
- Mechanical strength, High optical quality
- Various modes of operation (CW, pulsed, Q-switched, mode locked)
High-Quality Nd:YAG Crystal Growth
Avantier specializes in high-quality Nd:YAG crystal growth. By utilizing premium starting materials and employing whole boule interferometry, we guarantee precise measurements of Nd concentration through transmission spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime assessments. Avantier’s cutting-edge diffusion bonding technology enables the production of various configurations such as Nd:YAG/Cr4+ or other ion-doped YAG-based passively Q-switched setups, including slabs, disks, rod-based, and microchips.
Therefore, Nd:YAG crystals from Avantier are indispensable components for solid-state and diode-pumped laser systems, offering unparalleled robustness and efficiency suitable for high-intensity applications across diverse fields.
Customize your Nd:YAG crystals
Avantier supplies large-diameter Nd:YAG crystals. The use of high-quality starting materials for crystal growth, whole boule interferometry, and precise measurement of Nd concentration using transmission spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime measurements assures that each crystal will perform according to customer specifications.
Therefore, lenses can be carefully crafted with the exact angle needed for the highest performance for your particular application. Avantier is a leading company in this field, known for creating high-quality laser optic components and systems for a wide variety of lasers.
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